Understand the Principles and Requirements of Assessment

LEVEL 3 CERTIFICATION IN ASSESSING VOCATIONAL COMPETENCE LED BY CAROL SMOUT LESSON 1 26TH SEPT 2011 THE ROLE OF AN ASSESSOR ASSESSING PERFORMANCEGIVING FEEDBACK CONTRIBUTE TO A PAPER TRAIL ROLE OF AN ASSESSOR ROLE OF AN ASSESSOR WRITE EFFECTIVE ASSESSMENT PLANS 1. ASSESSING PERFORMANCE = A range of assessments, I am making a judgement on 2. GIVING FEEDBACK = Verbal feedback, Written Feedback. {Try to be positive, Don’t be negative candidates find this demoralising} 3. CONTRIBUTE TO a PAPER TRAIL = I have to write on a least 3 pieces of paper all of which are auditable Assessment plans. I need to contribute to a paper trail. As an Assessor I assess a Candidate/Student then someone {IV OR EV} then checks my assessment decision. This is called THE QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM. When I am audited as an experienced Assessor I need to be able to demonstrate that I understand Quality Assurance. I have to be able to write effective assessment plans. 4. WRITE EFFECTIVE ASSESSMENT PLANS= Example: â€Å" I have met with blah blah blah and she/he has said she/he wants to do a shampoo & blow dry & a semi-permanent next week. â€Å"We plan to do this in this time on this date with this candidate & I am going to orally question her/him to check her/his underpinning knowledge. THIS EQUALS A PLAN !!! LEVEL 3 CERTIFICATION IN ASSESSING VOCATIONAL COMPETENCE LED BY CAROL SMOUT LESSON 2 3RD OCTOBER 2011 STAGES OF THE ASSESSMENT PROCESS PLANNING. STAGES OF THE ASSESSMENT PROCESS STAGES OF THE ASSESSMENT PROCESS REVIEWING JUDGING RECORDING QUALITY ASSURANCE 1. PLANNING = Assessment plannin g sheets & Consultation Sheets. 2. REVIEWING. Straight from SCHOOL TO COLLEGE no work base knowledge. First meeting with my candidate check if the candidate has any prior learning (APL= ACCREDITATION FOR PRIOR LEARNING) â€Å"What qualifications do you currently have† Do they relate to what they are currently doing now. I may find that some elements of the assessment may have already been done. When a candidate joins the college straight from school they still may have some prior learning. Some schools send their students to college to learn about hairdressing as part of their learning at school, some of this learning can be taken into consideration as prior learning. REVIEWING WORK BASE. If the candidate is joining college and is work based and is now coming to college for apprentership they may have been shampooing for 3 years so will not need to do their level one because of their prior learning they can go straight on to level 2. It would be unfair to make them do it all over again; they don’t need to be taught again. It’s all about taking the candidate forward. 3. JUDGING STAGE. This stage is the most difficult. Assessors find it most difficult as to â€Å"Am I Judging this right? † â€Å"Am I being really harsh or am I being a lenient? † So I have to follow 6 steps to ensure that I am doing this correctly. I have to check the Assessment by: IS THE ASSESSMENT 1. VALID Can be done using the Methods of Assessment. OBSERVATION, I can Observe it’s valid I can see it being done by that candidate. ORAL/VERBAL, I can ask questions and check their underpinning knowledge and check its validity EXAMS. Exams are obviously valid as there done under strict conditions, examiners are present their not allowed to talk etc. PROFESSIONAL DISCUSSION I Can talk to them in a professional capacity to check validity PROJECTS & ASSIGNEMENTS Are valid make sure signed dated good way at checking their knowledge. Although could have been done by someone else again ask oral questions and ask them to reference and put in a bibliography for me to refer and check if I feel not valid WITNESS STATEMENTS. An employer can provide a witness statement that a candidate has competently passed an assessment. It Valid if signed by their employer but still need to check validity could discuss how they achieved this pass what did they do how did they do it. PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE Valid I can see the photographic evidence try to get the candidates to get a picture that shows them doing the work. Still a little grey though as someone else could have done the work but just taken a photograph of the candidate with the client doesn’t mean necessarily that they have done the work. IS THE ASSESSMENT 2 RELIABLE. How sure am I that the above are reliable, how do I know for sure that the work I am assessing is that candidates own work, some are obviously reliable e. g. observation because I can see it being done. IS THE ASSESSMENT 3 SUFFICIENT. Has the candidate done enough to pass all elements of the unit being assessed. For example the candidate is being assessed to shampoo and condition a client’s hair and to sell a product. She/he may well have used all the correct products and massage movements but during the assessment She/he may not have been given the opportunity to sell a product in which case the candidate will have passed some elements of the unit chosen but because she couldn’t sell a product that part of the unit will have to be referred to another assessment but the candidate will have passed the other two elements of the unit. ALWAYS MAKE SURE THE CANDIDATE READS THROUGH THEIR PC’s (Performance Criteria’s) WHICH IS IN THEIR LOG BOOKS FOR EACH UNIT THERE ARE ELEMENTS OF THAT UNIT THAT THEY HAVE TO PASS TO ACHIEVE A FULL PASS IN THAT UNIT !!! IS THE ASSESSMENT 4. AUTHENTIC I have to know that every assessment they are doing is that candidates. How do know that that assessment is that authentic and reliable ? The best way to find out if not observed by me is to orally question them. IS THE ASSESSMENT 5. CURRENT Is the candidate demonstrating up to date skills? Is the candidate using up to date equipment? Example if the candidate is doing a colour & we haven’t got a roller ball or a climazon & they have to place the client under a hood dryer with a cap on the clients head. The service with that equipment is NOT CURRENT to industry. IS THE ASSESSMENT 6. SAFE Is the assessment taking place safe for all Are they working safely. I can stop an assessment at any time if there is a danger to the client, to anybody else in the room or to the candidate themselves. RECORDING STAGE Recording takes place in the log books for hairdressing. I record assessment decisions on consultation sheets. Also recording takes place for an assessment if it’s on a written paper on a marking front sheet. The awarding body gives us these marking sheets and it is my job to make sure that the candidate signs it & that I sign it & I put their marks on it. It is the evidence as to whether the candidate is competent on that written paper. There will be a written paper from C. H. E. A. T. When I mark assignments there will also be an assignment front sheet that I would record their feedback on. Whether it is passed or referred the candidate would sign it and date it, I would sign and date it to validate that assessment { THESE PAPER FORMS ARE VITAL FOR ME TO BE ABLE TO DO MY ROLE AS AN ASSESSOR FORMS ARE AVAILABLE FROM CAROLE AND VIA KERRY I NEED THESE FORMS AS SOON AS I START TO SHADOW} QUALITY ASSURANCE When I assess a candidate and I have already recorded it all on the previous documents. I also have to track a student candidate throughout their qualification, so if they have completed one whole unit I would need to sign off the tracking document, this document forms part of the tracking paper trail for Quality Assurance I also need to attend Standardisation Meetings. Usually done twice a year at the beginning and the end of a course. At these standardisation meetings I have to interact and share my views and contribute to these meetings. When we attend the meeting we all should bring along one or two units that we have marked, we can then shuffle them around between each other and look at them to make sure that the students are all being marked equally and that we haven’t been too harsh on them with a marking or too lenient on them. We all need to be marking to the same standard. This is what standardisation is all about & that forms part of this Quality Assurance Process. External verification officers come in they check and look at our tracking, they look at all our minutes and meetings, they come and look at the candidates log books, they look at their consultation sheets, they look at all their written papers & their assignments. They are checking that there was some sort of assessment in place & then they are making sure that I as an assessor planned the assessment. Health & Safety Legislation Sourced from HSE The Health and Safety at Work, etc Act 1974 The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 The Education (School Premises) Regulations 1999 The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 The Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2006 The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007 Disability Discrimination Act 1995 The Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981 The Health and Safety at Work, etc Act 1974 The main piece of legislation affecting the management of health and safety in educational establishments across all sectors is the Health and Safety at Work, etc Act 1974 (HSWA). This Act provides a framework for ensuring the health and safety of all employees in any work activity. It also provides for the health and safety of anyone who may be affected by work activities in eg pupils/students and visitors to educational sites, including parents and contractors. In Northern Ireland, similar provisions are made by the Health and Safety at Work (NI) Order 1978. Employers and employees (as well as manufacturers, suppliers and the self-employed) must comply with the duties set out in the Act, which are summarised as follows. * Section 2 places a duty on employers to ensure the health, safety and welfare of employees as far as is reasonably practicable. It also requires employers to consult with trade union safety representatives on matters affecting health and safety in the workplace. Moreover, employers of more than five people must prepare a written health and safety policy and bring it to the attention of employees. Section 3 requires employers to ensure that non-employees (eg pupils/students) who may be affected by work activities are not exposed to risks to their health and safety. Where young or vulnerable persons may be affected, the duty of care is greater. * Section 4 places a duty on anyone responsible for the workplace to ensure that the premises, plant and machinery do not endanger the people using them. * Section 5 requires emplo yers to prevent and control harmful, noxious or offensive emissions into the atmosphere. Section 6 places duties on designers, manufacturers and suppliers to ensure that articles and substances are safe for use. * Section 7 states that it is the duty of every employee while at work to take reasonable care of him or herself and of any other person who may be affected by his or her actions. This section also requires employees to cooperate with their employer in relation to health and safety issues. * Section 8 requires employees not to interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interest of health and safety. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 The main requirement of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations is that employers must carry out risk assessments to eliminate or reduce risks. Employers with five or more employees need to record the significant findings of a risk assessment – it is not necessary to record risk assessments for trivial or insignificant risks. In addition, employers also need to: * make arrangements for implementing the health and safety measures identified as necessary by risk assessments * monitor and review those arrangements appoint people with sufficient knowledge, skills, experience and training to help them to implement these arrangements * set up emergency procedures and provide information about them to employees * provide clear information, supervision and training for employees and ensure that suitably competent people are appointed who are capable of carrying out the tasks entrusted to them * work together with any other employer(s) operating from the same workplace, sharing information on the risks that other staff may be exposed to, eg cleaning, catering or maintenance contractors * take particular account of risks to new and expectant mothers. A risk assessment is a careful examination of the work activities that could, whether on or off site, cause harm to people so that your employer can weigh up whether they have taken adequate precautions or should do more to prevent harm. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 require employers to assess the risks arising from work activities to both employees and non-employees (eg students, visiting parents). Employees have a right to see the results of risk assessments. Who can do risk assessments? Employers are responsible for ensuring that risk assessments are carried out by competent people (ie those who have sufficient knowledge, skills, experience and aptitude). These people may be current employees, provided they have been suitably trained, or external health and safety professionals. Safety reps have a legal right to be consulted and can assist on risk assessments. However, the risk assessment remains the legal obligation of the employer and therefore should be signed by the employer once complete. Activities that should be assessed All work activities that could present a potential hazard should be risk assessed. ‘Hazard' means something with the potential to cause harm, including ill health as well as injury. ‘Risk' is the likelihood of that hazard actually causing harm during the course of work activities. In an education setting, there are particular situations that typically require risk assessments: * the work activities of all new and expectant mothers require a specific risk assessment under the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, with any necessary adjustments made to their working conditions a risk assessment should be conducted before taking students off site * workplace stress and stressors should also be included within risk assessments The Education (School Premises) Regulations 1999 These regulations set out minimum health and safety standards for all maintained schools in England and Wales, covering issues such as temperature, toilet facilities for pupils, ventilation and lighting. Some of the standards also have to be met by non-maintained special schools and independent schools. The regulations operate in conjunction with the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations, as outlined below. The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 These regulations deal with physical conditions in the workplace and require employers to meet minimum standards in relation to a wide range of matters, which include: * maintenance of buildings and equipment * lighting * provision of drinking water * temperature * rest facilities * ventilation * toilet facilities * first aid. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 These regulations require employers to minimise the health risks associated with manual handling, a term used to describe activities which involve lifting, carrying, moving, holding, pushing, lowering, pulling or restraining an object, person or animal. Employers should: * avoid the need to lift, carry, push, pull, lower or support loads wherever possible * mechanise tasks where they cannot be avoided by the use of trolleys, barrows, lifts or hoists * carry out risk assessments, which take into account the work task, the activity involved, individual capacity, working environment and other factors. The Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2006 The Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations place specific duties on employers, owners and those in control of buildings to manage the risks from asbestos fibres that may be released when building or maintenance work takes place. The regulations require the following steps to be taken to manage the risk: * find out if there is asbestos on the premises, its amount and what condition it is in * presume materials contain asbestos, unless there is evidence that they do not * make and keep up to date a record of the location and condition of the materials containing asbestos or which are presumed to contain asbestos * carry out a risk assessment on materials containing asbestos * prepare and implement a plan that sets out in detail how the risk from this material is going to be managed * review and monitor the plan and the arrangements provide information on the location and condition of the material to anyone who is liable to work on or disturb it (including staff). Specialist help is ge nerally required to determine the presence of materials containing asbestos and to remove asbestos. The HSE advises that if asbestos is in good condition and is not likely to be disturbed or damaged, it is usually safer to leave it in place and manage it. The Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 These regulations oblige employers to assess the workstations of staff who use display screen equipment (DSE). The workstation is the equipment itself, its accessories and the surrounding work environment. The minimum requirements of employers are to: * identify â€Å"users† of display screen equipment, ie those who habitually use DSE as a significant part of their normal work * assess workstations to ensure that they meet minimum standards * provide information, instruction and training on the potential hazards of using DSE equipment * offer free eyesight tests to users of DSE equipment at regular intervals and to pay for spectacles that are required for the work * review assessments. The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 These place a duty on employers to assess all foreseeable risks associated with work activities involving electricity. Employers are required to install safe systems of working, with well-maintained equipment, covering everything from power lines to kettles. All installation and repairs should be undertaken by a qualified electrician or those who have appropriate technical knowledge, though some minor repairs, inspections, fitting of plugs, etc may be under taken by suitably trained staff. The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations R. I. D. D. O. R 1995 Under these regulations (often referred to as RIDDOR), certain work-related accidents are reportable by law to the Health and Safety Executive or the local authority. The following must be reported: * death of any person * a ‘major injury' to any person at work * hospital treatment of any person who is not at work (eg pupil/student) * an accident which results in a person at work being incapacitated for more than three consecutive days (excluding the day of the accident) * specified dangerous occurrences, eg building collapse * specified work-related diseases, eg mesothelioma and hepatitis. Educational establishments should have clear guidelines on incident reporting and this should be conveyed to staff on the first day of their employment. Accident reporting An accident is an unplanned event that results in injury, damage to property or some other loss. The law requires that certain work-related accidents are reported to the local authority or the Health and Safety Executive. All accidents to employees, however minor, should be recorded. This is a requirement under social security legislation. As a result of a workplace injury an employee may need to claim for benefits in the future, and the relevant checks will be made to confirm that the accident occurred at work. Reporting and recording procedures vary. Employers need to be sure that they satisfy all legal reporting requirements for employees and non-employees, and take measures to monitor accidents. As part of the reactive monitoring process, accident records are needed to assess whether the existing controls are adequate or to identify if trends are developing and to implement new procedures. Records may also have to be produced for the Health and Safety Executive, to parents/guardians, or in the course of civil proceedings if a claim is brought following an incident. How to report an accident All accidents can be reported to the Incident Contact Centre (ICC), Caerphilly Business Park, Caerphilly CF83 3GG. Alternatively, call on tel: 0845 300 9923 on Mondays to Fridays between 8. 30am and 5. 30pm, email  [email  protected] om  or report via the internet at  www. riddor. gov. uk. The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 These regulations (often known as the COSHH regulations) require employers to asses s and prevent (or at least adequately control) the risks to health from the use of any hazardous substances used in the workplace. A hazardous substance is one which has, by law, to be labelled as ‘very toxic', ‘toxic', ‘harmful', ‘irritant' or ‘corrosive'. It therefore includes many chemical substances such as paints and cleaning materials, as well as wood dust. The obligations to employers are to: * assess the risks * decide what precautions are needed take steps to reduce or adequately control exposure to hazardous substances * ensure that control measures are utilised and maintained * monitor exposure * carry out health surveillance of employees who have been or are likely to be exposed * have in place emergency procedures to deal with accidents/incidents * ensure that employees are properly informed, trained and supervised. Educational establishments must have in place appropriate measures to ensure that the risks to the health and safety of pupils /students from exposure to hazardous substances are minimised. COSHH and hairdressers – key messages * Frequent contact with water and shampoo can irritate the skin leading to dermatitis. Some hairdressing and cleaning products can cause dermatitis and skin allergies. * Some dusty products like persulphates and henna can cause asthma. * Some hair sprays can make asthma worse. There are simple things you can do to prevent dermatitis and asthma: * Keep the workplace well ventilated. * Wear disposable non-latex gloves for shampooing, colouring and bleaching. * Dry your hands thoroughly after washing with a soft towel. * Moisturise your hands as often as possible. * Change your gloves between clients. * Check your skin regularly for early signs of skin problems. The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 These regulations set out minimum standards for the use of equipment at work. The main requirements are for employers to: * take account of working conditions and hazards when selecting equipment * provide work equipment which conforms to relevant safety standards * ensure that the work equipment is suitable for its intended purpose and used only for that purpose * maintain and keep the equipment in good working order * ensure that appropriate safety devices are available, if required * issue staff with appropriate instructions, training and supervision to use the work equipment safely * make sure that equipment is inspected after installation or after assembly at a new location. The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007 These regulations cover the planning and management of construction projects. An essential part of a project's development is health and safety. Consequently, there is a duty on those involved in a construction project, such as the controller of buildings (ie the LA/governing body/headteacher/principal), contractors and designers to cooperate with each other to identify risks early on, and to report matters that are likely to endanger health and safety. There is also a duty to take appropriate measures to prevent the risk of injury to any person during the construction, which would include staff, pupils/students and visitors to the premises. Disability Discrimination Act 1995 The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 defines a disability as a â€Å"physical or mental impairment that has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on a person's ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities†. To be substantial, the disability must last or be expected to last for at least 12 months. However, those with cancer, MS or who are HIV positive are deemed to be disabled from the point of diagnosis. The act requires employers to ensure that disabled persons have safe access to premises and safe egress in the event of evacuation. They must also make any reasonable changes to the physical features of premises, hours of work, etc that may be necessary to accommodate the needs of disabled employees. Disability discrimination The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 requires employers to make ‘reasonable adjustments' to premises or working practices to ensure that employees are not disadvantaged because of their disability. In order to have rights under the Disability Discrimination Act, an employee must show they are defined as disabled under the act. This means suffering from a physical or mental impairment that has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on the person's ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. Any adverse effects must last for at least a year to be considered ‘long-term'. Impairments must affect at least one of the following: * mobility * manual dexterity * physical coordination * continence ability to lift, carry or otherwise move everyday objects * speech * hearing * eyesight * memory or ability to concentrate, learn or understand * perception of risk of physical danger. Under the act, people with cancer, MS and those who are HIV positive are deemed to be disab led from the point of diagnosis. Other impairments that employment tribunals have considered a disability include depression, epilepsy, ME and asthma. This does not mean, however, that all people who suffer from these impairments are disabled under the act – much depends on their ability to carry out at least one of the day-to-day activities listed above. Duty to implement reasonable adjustments Employers are obliged to make reasonable adjustments to premises or working arrangements to prevent a disabled person from being placed at a substantial disadvantage compared with persons who are not disabled. In educational establishments, adjustment to premises can include the following: * providing wheelchair-accessible toilets, ramps and automatic opening doors * allocating classrooms on ground floors * providing a designated car-parking space * widening doorways and re-arranging furniture to allow wheelchair-users to move around * providing ergonomically designed chairs or adapted keyboards * acquiring specialist equipment with magnifying facilities. Changes to working arrangements may be made by: employing an assistant to undertake administrative tasks * providing a reader or signer for a visually impaired person * adjusting the timetable or allowing extra non-contact time * allocating some duties to another employee * altering working hours to allow part-time work or job-shari ng * providing additional training. While the potential cost of adjustments often concern educational establishments, many are relatively inexpensive. Moreover, under the Employment Service's Access to Work Scheme, funding is available for human support and adaptations to premises and equipment. Disability employment advisors in Jobcentres offer free independent advice on adjustments to the workplace. Many LAs also employ disability officers. Other forms of discrimination under the Act Failure to make reasonable adjustments is one of the five ways in which an employer can discriminate on the grounds of disability. The others are: Direct discrimination: this occurs where a person discriminates against a disabled person if, on the ground of that person's disability, he or she is treated less favourably than a person not having that particular disability has been or would have been treated. There is no justification defence to a claim for direct discrimination. Disability-related discrimination: this occurs where the employer, for reasons relating to a person's disability, treats that employee less favourably than the employer treats or would treat others to whom that reason does not apply, and that treatment is not justified. Harassment: occurs where the disabled person is subjected to unwanted conduct which has the purpose or effect of violating his or her dignity or creating an intimidating, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment for him or her. Victimisation: essentially occurs where the disabled person is treated less favourably because he or she has commenced a claim under the Disability Discrimination Act; or has given evidence/information in proceedings brought by someone else; or has alleged that a person has contravened the act. A claim for disability discrimination must be presented to the Employment Tribunal within three months beginning with the date of the act of which complaint is made. The Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981 These regulations require employers to provide: * adequate and appropriate first-aid equipment and facilities * an adequate number of qualified first aiders * an ‘appointed person', if a first aider is absent, to take charge of first-aid arrangements, including looking after the equipment and calling the emergency services. The Approved Code of Practice to the regulations stresses that the employer must make an assessment of first-aid needs. Educational establishments should therefore take account of risks to pupils/students on and off site when considering their provisions for first aid. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 Under this order, the ‘responsible person' in the workplace (ie the employer/owner/person in control) is required to take general fire safety precautions to ensure the health and safety of staff and others, such as pupils/students. These precautions include: * assessing the risk of fire, paying particular attention to those who may be especially vulnerable, eg children * ensuring that there are effective means of escape * making sure the workplace is well-equipped with appropriate fire-fighting equipment/detectors/alarms * adopting appropriate fire-fighting measures * nominating an adequate number of suitably trained and equipped competent persons to implement these measures. The order contains duties relating to safety drills and emergency routes/exits, which employees must be made aware of at their induction. Fire risk assessment Risk assessment is at the heart of fire safety management. A fire risk assessment follows the same principles as any risk assessment: * Step one: Identify the fire hazards, eg what could start a fire, combustible materials, etc. * Step two: Identify people at risk (look at numbers of people, vulnerable groups and the likelihood of the fire spreading). * Step three: Evaluate the risks and implement control measures to remove or reduce the risk. * Step four: Record the findings and inform staff and safety reps. Step five: Review and revise the plan as and when there are changes in work activities, the use of the building, etc. Safety representatives should request a copy of the school or college fire risk assessments. Further guidance on fire risk assessments and precautions is available from the Department for Communities and Lo cal Government at:  www. firesafetyguides. communities. gov. uk What every staff member should know Fire safety procedures should be a part of induction for every new member of staff. In particular, staff should be informed of the following: * the fire risk * what to do if they discover a fire * raising the alarm * recognising the fire alarm and acting on it * calling the fire brigade. Discovering a fire If a fire is discovered, the first action is to raise the alarm so the occupants of the building know there is a fire and that they must leave. This is usually done by locating the ‘break glass' call point. There are many types of fire extinguishers used in schools and colleges. Staff that are not trained to use fire-fighting equipment should not waste time trying to make them work. Those who have been trained and nominated to use the equipment should not attempt to put out large fires. If a fire cannot be put out, the door should be closed and the building evacuated RECOGNISE GOOD PRACTICE IN ASSESSING CANDIDATES IN RELATION TO ASSESSMENT. As Assessors we should be demonstrating good practice in relation to equality and diversity ; equal opportunities Equality = Treating everyone as an individual, not the same as everyone else, we are not all the same, we are all very different individuals. Eg there may be limitations to someone with a disability. They cannot be treated the same as myself as her/his disability may limit them in what they can do, so they need to be treated individually. Diversity. Is about the diverse nature of the industry. The clients, different hair types, textures etc. Diversity means all different sizes, shapes, ages, dark hair, light hair, black, white. It is good practice to ensure Health ; Safety to make sure that we adapt working environments for different clients, different candidates, and different students. It is good practice to encourage our candidates and students to use technology, encourage them to use computers, internet, submit assignments electronically etc. We have to be seen to be embracing this in our assessment processes. Reflective Practice Demonstrate a proactive approach to self-reflection, â€Å"How do I feel I am doing? † C. P. D {Continual Professional Development} is key to good practice. I need to keep myself up to date with my skills. I need to keep up to date with new equipment being introduced to the industry. I should always be in-front of my candidates/students, I should never be in a situation where a student is telling me about new trends, new equipment that I have never heard of. It is good practice that I am always seen to be keeping ahead in the industry that I am assessing. It is not good practice if I do not know what is going on in the industry I am assessing I should get feedback from others too on how I am doing. Each year I have to obtain 30 hours of evidence of hands on C. P. D. This is achieved {if I am working for the college} in July C. P. D week it may be that the college sets up 2 days where a company comes into the salon and demonstrates new equipment trains us on up to date styles. They will also open up a commercial salon so that we can work commercially for a day. The college may also send us out for training for instance to Saks. I have to upload all of my work to I. F. L to ensure my C. P. D.